diff --git a/include/fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp b/include/fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp
index 4c2e3b6..2febd58 100644
--- a/include/fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <fc/fwd.hpp>
 #include <fc/string.hpp>
 #include <fc/reflect/typename.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw_fwd.hpp>
 
 
 namespace fc{
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ class ripemd160
     static ripemd160 hash( const T& t ) 
     { 
       ripemd160::encoder e; 
-      e << t; 
+      fc::raw::pack(e,t);
       return e.result(); 
     } 
 
diff --git a/include/fc/crypto/sha256.hpp b/include/fc/crypto/sha256.hpp
index 9a06bd7..4d2d606 100644
--- a/include/fc/crypto/sha256.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/crypto/sha256.hpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <fc/fwd.hpp>
 #include <fc/string.hpp>
 #include <fc/platform_independence.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw_fwd.hpp>
 
 namespace fc
 {
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ class sha256
     static sha256 hash( const T& t ) 
     { 
       sha256::encoder e; 
-      e << t; 
+      fc::raw::pack(e,t);
       return e.result(); 
     } 
 
diff --git a/include/fc/io/raw.hpp b/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
index 8aa5558..7e58330 100644
--- a/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
@@ -486,6 +486,15 @@ namespace fc {
       return tmp;
     } FC_RETHROW_EXCEPTIONS( warn, "error unpacking ${type}", ("type",fc::get_typename<T>::name() ) ) }
 
+    template<typename T>
+    inline void unpack( const std::vector<char>& s, T& tmp ) 
+    { try  {
+      if( s.size() ) {
+        datastream<const char*>  ds( s.data(), size_t(s.size()) ); 
+        raw::unpack(ds,tmp);
+      }
+    } FC_RETHROW_EXCEPTIONS( warn, "error unpacking ${type}", ("type",fc::get_typename<T>::name() ) ) }
+
     template<typename T>
     inline void pack( char* d, uint32_t s, const T& v ) {
       datastream<char*> ds(d,s);