diff --git a/include/fc/io/raw.hpp b/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
index 12279fd..c402cbb 100644
--- a/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/io/raw.hpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <fc/io/varint.hpp>
 #include <fc/optional.hpp>
 #include <fc/fwd.hpp>
+#include <fc/smart_ref_fwd.hpp>
 #include <fc/array.hpp>
 #include <fc/time.hpp>
 #include <fc/filesystem.hpp>
@@ -177,6 +178,21 @@ namespace fc {
     template<typename Stream, typename T>
     void unpack( Stream& s, fc::safe<T>& v ) { unpack( s, v.value ); }
 
+    template<typename Stream, typename T, unsigned int S, typename Align> 
+    void pack( Stream& s, const fc::fwd<T,S,Align>& v ) {
+       pack( *v );
+    }
+
+    template<typename Stream, typename T, unsigned int S, typename Align> 
+    void unpack( Stream& s, fc::fwd<T,S,Align>& v ) {
+       unpack( *v );
+    }
+    template<typename Stream, typename T> 
+    void pack( Stream& s, const fc::smart_ref<T>& v ) { pack( s, *v ); }
+
+    template<typename Stream, typename T> 
+    void unpack( Stream& s, fc::smart_ref<T>& v ) { unpack( s, *v ); }
+
     // optional
     template<typename Stream, typename T> 
     void pack( Stream& s, const fc::optional<T>& v ) {
diff --git a/include/fc/static_variant.hpp b/include/fc/static_variant.hpp
index bd769e8..a977e58 100644
--- a/include/fc/static_variant.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/static_variant.hpp
@@ -270,11 +270,11 @@ public:
     }
     friend bool operator == ( const static_variant& a, const static_variant& b )
     {
-       return a.wich() == b.which();
+       return a.which() == b.which();
     }
     friend bool operator < ( const static_variant& a, const static_variant& b )
     {
-       return a.wich() < b.which();
+       return a.which() < b.which();
     }
 
     template<typename X>
diff --git a/include/fc/variant.hpp b/include/fc/variant.hpp
index a373efb..ff670da 100644
--- a/include/fc/variant.hpp
+++ b/include/fc/variant.hpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <fc/string.hpp>
 #include <fc/container/deque_fwd.hpp>
 #include <fc/container/flat_fwd.hpp>
+#include <fc/smart_ref_fwd.hpp>
 
 namespace fc
 {
@@ -44,6 +45,8 @@ namespace fc
 
    void to_variant( const blob& var,  variant& vo );
    void from_variant( const variant& var,  blob& vo );
+   template<typename T> void to_variant( const smart_ref<T>& s, variant& v );
+   template<typename T> void from_variant( const variant& v, smart_ref<T>& s );
    template<typename T> void to_variant( const safe<T>& s, variant& v );
    template<typename T> void from_variant( const variant& v, safe<T>& s );
    template<typename T> void to_variant( const std::unique_ptr<T>& s, variant& v );
@@ -534,6 +537,11 @@ namespace fc
    template<typename T>
    void from_variant( const variant& v, safe<T>& s ) { s.value = v.as_uint64(); }
 
+   template<typename T>
+   void to_variant( const smart_ref<T>& s, variant& v ) { v = *s; }
+
+   template<typename T>
+   void from_variant( const variant& v, smart_ref<T>& s ) { from_variant( v, *s ); }
 
    variant operator + ( const variant& a, const variant& b );
    variant operator - ( const variant& a, const variant& b );