diff --git a/libraries/app/database_api.cpp b/libraries/app/database_api.cpp
index b49e1b35..3987f192 100644
--- a/libraries/app/database_api.cpp
+++ b/libraries/app/database_api.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <graphene/chain/get_config.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/tournament_object.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/account_object.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp>
 
 #include <fc/bloom_filter.hpp>
 #include <fc/smart_ref_impl.hpp>
diff --git a/libraries/chain/CMakeLists.txt b/libraries/chain/CMakeLists.txt
index 649f641a..07f1ea0a 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libraries/chain/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ add_library( graphene_chain
              protocol/confidential.cpp
              protocol/vote.cpp
              protocol/tournament.cpp
+             protocol/small_ops.cpp
 
              genesis_state.cpp
              get_config.cpp
diff --git a/libraries/chain/balance_evaluator.cpp b/libraries/chain/balance_evaluator.cpp
index 8d29c01d..817d736f 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/balance_evaluator.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/balance_evaluator.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/balance_evaluator.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/genesis_state.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/genesis_state.hpp
index 2d859842..b2f76118 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/genesis_state.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/genesis_state.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/immutable_chain_parameters.hpp>
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/account.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/account.hpp
index 5f4c730a..76f7df7c 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/account.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/account.hpp
@@ -317,5 +317,16 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation::fee_parameters_type, (
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::account_update_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee)(price_per_kbyte) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::account_upgrade_operation::fee_parameters_type, (membership_annual_fee)(membership_lifetime_fee) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee) )
-
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation, (fee)(account_id)(new_owner)(extensions) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_upgrade_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_upgrade_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp
index b225b42c..8bf0fab6 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp
@@ -25,14 +25,10 @@
 
 #include <graphene/chain/config.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp>
 
-#include <fc/array.hpp>
 #include <fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp>
-
-namespace fc { namespace ecc {
-    class public_key;
-    typedef fc::array<char,33>  public_key_data;
-} } // fc::ecc
+#include <fc/reflect/typename.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -51,7 +47,7 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
    class address
    {
       public:
-       address(); ///< constructs empty / null address
+       address(){} ///< constructs empty / null address
        explicit address( const std::string& base58str );   ///< converts to binary, validates checksum
        address( const fc::ecc::public_key& pub ); ///< converts to binary
        explicit address( const fc::ecc::public_key_data& pub ); ///< converts to binary
@@ -97,3 +93,5 @@ namespace std
 
 #include <fc/reflect/reflect.hpp>
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::address, (addr) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::address )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/assert.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/assert.hpp
index c9f3b277..ce758862 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/assert.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/assert.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
 
@@ -112,3 +113,5 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::block_id_predicate, (id) )
 FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::predicate )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::assert_operation, (fee)(fee_paying_account)(predicates)(required_auths)(extensions) )
  
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::assert_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::assert_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp
index a938129a..60bd3cd0 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp
@@ -218,3 +218,7 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::price, (base)(quote) )
    (core_exchange_rate)
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::price_feed, GRAPHENE_PRICE_FEED_FIELDS )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::price )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::price_feed )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset_ops.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset_ops.hpp
index a567c5a1..ae5dc211 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset_ops.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/asset_ops.hpp
@@ -764,3 +764,30 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::asset_reserve_operation,
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::asset_fund_fee_pool_operation, (fee)(from_account)(asset_id)(amount)(extensions) );
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::asset_dividend_distribution_operation, (fee)(dividend_asset_id)(account_id)(amounts)(extensions) );
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::bitasset_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_global_settle_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_settle_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_fund_fee_pool_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_dividend_distribution_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_claim_fees_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_bitasset_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_feed_producers_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_publish_feed_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_issue_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_reserve_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_global_settle_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_settle_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_settle_cancel_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_fund_fee_pool_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_claim_fees_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_bitasset_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_update_feed_producers_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_publish_feed_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_issue_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::asset_reserve_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp
index 70b674b3..d279402d 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -134,3 +135,5 @@ void add_authority_accounts(
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::authority, (weight_threshold)(account_auths)(key_auths)(address_auths) )
 // FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::authority::classification )
 FC_REFLECT_ENUM( graphene::chain::authority::classification, (owner)(active)(key) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::authority )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/balance.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/balance.hpp
index f60087a7..9d0b252f 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/balance.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/balance.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
 
@@ -57,3 +59,5 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::balance_claim_operation::fee_parameters_type,  )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::balance_claim_operation,
             (fee)(deposit_to_account)(balance_to_claim)(balance_owner_key)(total_claimed) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::balance_claim_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp
index 52240b93..23c285d3 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp
@@ -27,8 +27,13 @@
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp>
 
+#include <fc/thread/future.hpp>
+
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
+   struct asset;
+   struct authority;
+
    /**
     *  @defgroup operations Operations
     *  @ingroup transactions Transactions
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/buyback.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/buyback.hpp
index 6adad52d..4a51e8c7 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/buyback.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/buyback.hpp
@@ -50,3 +50,5 @@ struct buyback_account_options
 } }
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::buyback_account_options, (asset_to_buy)(asset_to_buy_issuer)(markets) );
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::buyback_account_options )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp
index 93098c21..091da0c9 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <fc/smart_ref_fwd.hpp>
 
 #include <../hardfork.d/GPOS.hf>
+#include <memory>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { struct fee_schedule; } }
 
@@ -147,7 +148,6 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::parameter_extension,
    (min_bet_multiplier)
    (max_bet_multiplier)
    (betting_rake_fee_percentage)
-   (permitted_betting_odds_increments)
    (live_betting_delay_time)
    (sweeps_distribution_percentage)
    (sweeps_distribution_asset)
@@ -203,3 +203,5 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::chain_parameters,
             (maximum_tournament_number_of_wins)
             (extensions)
           )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::chain_parameters )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/committee_member.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/committee_member.hpp
index 77188367..8aaed748 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/committee_member.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/committee_member.hpp
@@ -104,3 +104,10 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::committee_member_create_operation,
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::committee_member_update_operation,
             (fee)(committee_member)(committee_member_account)(new_url) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation, (fee)(new_parameters) );
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/confidential.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/confidential.hpp
index 763006ae..697ef35b 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/confidential.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/confidential.hpp
@@ -281,3 +281,10 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation,
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::transfer_to_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee)(price_per_output) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::transfer_from_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee)(price_per_output) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_to_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_from_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_to_blind_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_from_blind_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/custom.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/custom.hpp
index e5701a4b..5596aaad 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/custom.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/custom.hpp
@@ -56,3 +56,6 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::custom_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee)(price_per_kbyte) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::custom_operation, (fee)(payer)(required_auths)(id)(data) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::custom_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::custom_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/ext.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/ext.hpp
index 31f66506..6c974630 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/ext.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/ext.hpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <fc/io/varint.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw_fwd.hpp>
 #include <fc/reflect/reflect.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fba.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fba.hpp
index 7460ca8d..dc672436 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fba.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fba.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -45,3 +46,5 @@ struct fba_distribute_operation : public base_operation
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::fba_distribute_operation::fee_parameters_type,  )
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::fba_distribute_operation, (fee)(account_id)(fba_id)(amount) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::fba_distribute_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp
index e250ab17..5afa1b21 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp
@@ -85,3 +85,5 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
 FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::fee_parameters )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::fee_schedule, (parameters)(scale) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::fee_schedule )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/market.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/market.hpp
index 56352c60..2bff8c56 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/market.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/market.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
 
@@ -165,9 +166,15 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation::fee_parameters_type,
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee) )
 /// THIS IS THE ONLY VIRTUAL OPERATION THUS FAR... 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::fill_order_operation::fee_parameters_type,  )
-
-
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::limit_order_create_operation,(fee)(seller)(amount_to_sell)(min_to_receive)(expiration)(fill_or_kill)(extensions))
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation,(fee)(fee_paying_account)(order)(extensions) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation, (fee)(funding_account)(delta_collateral)(delta_debt)(extensions) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::fill_order_operation, (fee)(order_id)(account_id)(pays)(receives) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::limit_order_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::limit_order_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::fill_order_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp
index b126d3a7..6c5b69fb 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp
@@ -89,3 +89,6 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::memo_message, (checksum)(text) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::memo_data, (from)(to)(nonce)(message) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::memo_message )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::memo_data )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/operations.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/operations.hpp
index bce0e201..cb9a83a1 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/operations.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/operations.hpp
@@ -167,3 +167,5 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
 FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::operation )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::op_wrapper, (op) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::op_wrapper )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/proposal.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/proposal.hpp
index 3383b6cf..141ec35f 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/proposal.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/proposal.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
    /**
@@ -179,3 +180,10 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::proposal_update_operation, (fee)(fee_paying_account
             (active_approvals_to_add)(active_approvals_to_remove)(owner_approvals_to_add)(owner_approvals_to_remove)
             (key_approvals_to_add)(key_approvals_to_remove)(extensions) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::proposal_delete_operation, (fee)(fee_paying_account)(using_owner_authority)(proposal)(extensions) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_delete_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::proposal_delete_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/special_authority.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/special_authority.hpp
index 3ee6f15f..05a80719 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/special_authority.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/special_authority.hpp
@@ -48,3 +48,5 @@ void validate_special_authority( const special_authority& auth );
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::no_special_authority, )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::top_holders_special_authority, (asset)(num_top_holders) )
 FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::special_authority )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::top_holders_special_authority )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/transfer.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/transfer.hpp
index f4417bb7..5366a7ab 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/transfer.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/transfer.hpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -105,3 +106,8 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type, (
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation, (fee)(issuer)(from)(to)(amount)(memo)(extensions) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::transfer_operation, (fee)(from)(to)(amount)(memo)(extensions) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::transfer_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp
index 8cd38ea5..8ea3a8af 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <fc/io/enum_type.hpp>
 #include <fc/crypto/sha224.hpp>
 #include <fc/crypto/elliptic.hpp>
+#include <fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp>
 #include <fc/reflect/reflect.hpp>
 #include <fc/reflect/variant.hpp>
 #include <fc/optional.hpp>
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <deque>
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <graphene/chain/protocol/address.hpp>
 #include <graphene/db/object_id.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/config.hpp>
 
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vesting.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vesting.hpp
index 2a861b2a..1d83b90f 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vesting.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vesting.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -133,3 +134,8 @@ FC_REFLECT(graphene::chain::cdd_vesting_policy_initializer, (start_claim)(vestin
 FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( graphene::chain::vesting_policy_initializer )
 
 FC_REFLECT_ENUM( graphene::chain::vesting_balance_type, (normal)(gpos) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_withdraw_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_withdraw_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vote.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vote.hpp
index 67536f7a..7d733e45 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vote.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/vote.hpp
@@ -24,12 +24,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <string>
-
-#include <fc/container/flat.hpp>
-#include <fc/reflect/reflect.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/types.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -150,3 +145,5 @@ FC_REFLECT_TYPENAME( fc::flat_set<graphene::chain::vote_id_type> )
 
 FC_REFLECT_ENUM( graphene::chain::vote_id_type::vote_type, (witness)(committee)(worker)(VOTE_TYPE_COUNT) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::vote_id_type, (content) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::vote_id_type )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.hpp
index 7bc905ac..7963e99f 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.hpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/memo.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
 
@@ -179,3 +180,12 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_update_operation, (fee)(withdra
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_claim_operation, (fee)(withdraw_permission)(withdraw_from_account)(withdraw_to_account)(amount_to_withdraw)(memo) );
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_delete_operation, (fee)(withdraw_from_account)(authorized_account)
             (withdrawal_permission) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_claim_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_delete_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_claim_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_delete_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/witness.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/witness.hpp
index b096e826..2b5e88b0 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/witness.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/witness.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain { 
 
@@ -84,3 +85,8 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::witness_create_operation, (fee)(witness_account)(ur
 
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::witness_update_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee) )
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::witness_update_operation, (fee)(witness)(witness_account)(new_url)(new_signing_key)(new_initial_secret) )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::witness_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::witness_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::witness_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::witness_update_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/worker.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/worker.hpp
index 9e6eef35..11e0aa05 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/worker.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/protocol/worker.hpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/base.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -104,3 +105,5 @@ FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::worker_create_operation::fee_parameters_type, (fee)
 FC_REFLECT( graphene::chain::worker_create_operation,
             (fee)(owner)(work_begin_date)(work_end_date)(daily_pay)(name)(url)(initializer) )
 
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::worker_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( extern, graphene::chain::worker_create_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp
index 636e2f11..c0bc80ff 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/include/graphene/chain/pts_address.hpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <fc/array.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/datastream.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw_fwd.hpp>
 #include <string>
 
 namespace fc { namespace ecc { class public_key; } }
@@ -75,4 +77,11 @@ namespace fc
 { 
    void to_variant( const graphene::chain::pts_address& var,  fc::variant& vo, uint32_t max_depth = 1 );
    void from_variant( const fc::variant& var,  graphene::chain::pts_address& vo, uint32_t max_depth = 1 );
-}
+namespace raw {
+   extern template void pack( datastream<size_t>& s, const graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                              uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+   extern template void pack( datastream<char*>& s, const graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                              uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+   extern template void unpack( datastream<const char*>& s, graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                                uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+} } // fc::raw
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/account.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/account.cpp
index 66dcdb90..e77552a4 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/account.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/account.cpp
@@ -322,3 +322,15 @@ void account_transfer_operation::validate()const
 
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_upgrade_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_upgrade_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::account_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/address.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/address.cpp
index 19bb4df5..f0edbd49 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/address.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/address.cpp
@@ -27,9 +27,10 @@
 #include <fc/crypto/base58.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
 
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
+
 namespace graphene {
   namespace chain {
-   address::address(){}
 
    address::address( const std::string& base58str )
    {
@@ -110,3 +111,5 @@ namespace fc
         vo = graphene::chain::address( var.as_string() );
     }
 }
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::address )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/assert.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/assert.cpp
index 60f26e3f..5ce61e45 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/assert.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/assert.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@
  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
-#include <graphene/chain/protocol/protocol.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/account.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset_ops.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/assert.hpp>
+
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -62,5 +66,7 @@ share_type  assert_operation::calculate_fee(const fee_parameters_type& k)const
    return k.fee * predicates.size();
 }
 
-
 } }  // namespace graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::assert_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::assert_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/asset.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/asset.cpp
index c47d88e3..525e193b 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/asset.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/asset.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/asset.hpp>
 #include <boost/rational.hpp>
 #include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
       typedef boost::multiprecision::uint128_t uint128_t;
@@ -206,3 +207,7 @@ const int64_t scaled_precision_lut[19] =
 };
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::price )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::price_feed )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/asset_ops.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/asset_ops.cpp
index 9c551882..5dfd09ee 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/asset_ops.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/asset_ops.cpp
@@ -290,3 +290,30 @@ void lottery_asset_options::validate() const
 }
 
 } } // namespace graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::bitasset_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_global_settle_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_settle_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_fund_fee_pool_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_claim_fees_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_bitasset_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_feed_producers_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_publish_feed_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_issue_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_reserve_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_global_settle_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_settle_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_settle_cancel_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_fund_fee_pool_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_claim_fees_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_dividend_distribution_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_bitasset_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_update_feed_producers_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_publish_feed_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_issue_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::asset_reserve_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/authority.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/authority.cpp
index 97470d33..6cfed2ec 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/authority.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/authority.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/authority.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -36,3 +37,5 @@ void add_authority_accounts(
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::authority )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/committee_member.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/committee_member.cpp
index 4c8c5d25..e468936c 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/committee_member.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/committee_member.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/committee_member.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp>
+
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -45,3 +48,10 @@ void committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation::validate() const
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::committee_member_update_global_parameters_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/confidential.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/confidential.cpp
index 603befa1..2e8fbc68 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/confidential.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/confidential.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 #include <fc/crypto/base58.hpp>
 #include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
-#include <fc/crypto/elliptic.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -141,9 +140,6 @@ share_type blind_transfer_operation::calculate_fee( const fee_parameters_type& k
     return k.fee + outputs.size() * k.price_per_output;
 }
 
-
-
-
 /**
  *  Packs *this then encodes as base58 encoded string.
  */
@@ -159,6 +155,11 @@ stealth_confirmation::stealth_confirmation( const std::string& base58 )
    *this = fc::raw::unpack<stealth_confirmation>( fc::from_base58( base58 ) );
 }
 
-
-
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_to_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_from_blind_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_to_blind_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_from_blind_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::blind_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/custom.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/custom.cpp
index be03419f..72f8dd44 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/custom.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/custom.cpp
@@ -37,3 +37,6 @@ share_type custom_operation::calculate_fee(const fee_parameters_type& k)const
 }
 
 } }
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::custom_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::custom_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.cpp
index 138d801e..6d494e37 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ namespace fc
    //template const graphene::chain::fee_schedule& smart_ref<graphene::chain::fee_schedule>::operator*() const;
 }
 
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
+
 #define MAX_FEE_STABILIZATION_ITERATION 4
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
@@ -208,3 +210,5 @@ namespace graphene { namespace chain {
    }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::fee_schedule )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/market.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/market.cpp
index 923f4763..ae0a3a68 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/market.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/market.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/market.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -46,3 +47,11 @@ void call_order_update_operation::validate()const
 } FC_CAPTURE_AND_RETHROW((*this)) }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::limit_order_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::limit_order_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::limit_order_cancel_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::call_order_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::fill_order_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/memo.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/memo.cpp
index 8ced0e1b..afa0b486 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/memo.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/memo.cpp
@@ -89,3 +89,6 @@ memo_message memo_message::deserialize(const string& serial)
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::memo_message )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::memo_data )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/operations.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/operations.cpp
index 57831b8f..fb766b3d 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/operations.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/operations.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/operations.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -86,3 +87,5 @@ void operation_get_required_authorities( const operation& op,
 }
 
 } } // namespace graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::op_wrapper )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/proposal.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/proposal.cpp
index bca0c416..c77e71e4 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/proposal.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/proposal.cpp
@@ -107,3 +107,10 @@ void proposal_update_operation::get_required_owner_authorities( flat_set<account
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_delete_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::proposal_delete_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/small_ops.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/small_ops.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cba4b1b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/small_ops.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019 BitShares Blockchain Foundation, and contributors.
+ *
+ * The MIT License
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/balance.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/buyback.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/fba.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/fee_schedule.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/vesting.hpp>
+#include <graphene/chain/protocol/chain_parameters.hpp>
+
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::balance_claim_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::buyback_account_options )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::fba_distribute_operation )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_withdraw_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::vesting_balance_withdraw_operation )
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::chain_parameters )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/transaction.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/transaction.cpp
index e9e60d50..093e7833 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/transaction.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/transaction.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <fc/bitutil.hpp>
 #include <fc/smart_ref_impl.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/transfer.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/transfer.cpp
index 3ec78237..0fb0aefa 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/transfer.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/transfer.cpp
@@ -63,3 +63,8 @@ void override_transfer_operation::validate()const
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::transfer_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::override_transfer_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/vote.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/vote.cpp
index f78f2b4f..68f476f5 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/vote.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/vote.cpp
@@ -49,3 +49,5 @@ void from_variant( const variant& var, graphene::chain::vote_id_type& vo, uint32
 }
 
 } // fc
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::vote_id_type )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.cpp
index ec7b36f8..b36c378d 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/withdraw_permission.cpp
@@ -67,6 +67,13 @@ void withdraw_permission_delete_operation::validate() const
    FC_ASSERT( withdraw_from_account != authorized_account );
 }
 
-
 } } // graphene::chain
 
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_claim_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_delete_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_update_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_claim_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::withdraw_permission_delete_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/witness.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/witness.cpp
index 82fa462a..90583cd8 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/witness.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/witness.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/witness.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -39,3 +40,8 @@ void witness_update_operation::validate() const
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::witness_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::witness_update_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::witness_create_operation )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::witness_update_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/protocol/worker.cpp b/libraries/chain/protocol/worker.cpp
index eb133da0..932148ec 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/protocol/worker.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/protocol/worker.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/worker.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
@@ -36,3 +37,6 @@ void worker_create_operation::validate() const
 }
 
 } }
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::worker_create_operation::fee_parameters_type )
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::worker_create_operation )
diff --git a/libraries/chain/pts_address.cpp b/libraries/chain/pts_address.cpp
index 27f3d256..c6d74f58 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/pts_address.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/pts_address.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <fc/crypto/base58.hpp>
 #include <fc/crypto/elliptic.hpp>
 #include <fc/crypto/ripemd160.hpp>
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
 
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
@@ -97,4 +98,12 @@ namespace fc
    {
         vo = graphene::chain::pts_address( var.as_string() );
    }
-}
+
+namespace raw {
+   template void pack( datastream<size_t>& s, const graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                       uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+   template void pack( datastream<char*>& s, const graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                       uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+   template void unpack( datastream<const char*>& s, graphene::chain::pts_address& tx,
+                         uint32_t _max_depth=FC_PACK_MAX_DEPTH );
+} } // fc::raw
diff --git a/libraries/chain/special_authority.cpp b/libraries/chain/special_authority.cpp
index ca974f30..74889f80 100644
--- a/libraries/chain/special_authority.cpp
+++ b/libraries/chain/special_authority.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include <graphene/chain/protocol/special_authority.hpp>
 #include <graphene/chain/database.hpp>
 
+#include <fc/io/raw.hpp>
+
 namespace graphene { namespace chain {
 
 struct special_authority_validate_visitor
@@ -68,3 +70,6 @@ void evaluate_special_authority( const database& db, const special_authority& a
 }
 
 } } // graphene::chain
+
+
+GRAPHENE_EXTERNAL_SERIALIZATION( /*not extern*/, graphene::chain::top_holders_special_authority )